The Health Impacts of Microplastics from Tires and Degrading Garbage
The Health Impacts of Microplastics from Tires and Degrading Garbage
Tires and degrading garbage release tiny plastic particles into the air, contributing to a form of air pollution that researchers at UC San Francisco believe may be linked to respiratory issues and other health problems. A review of approximately 3,000 studies connects these particles to a range of serious health conditions, including infertility in both men and women, colon cancer, and poor lung function. These particles might also contribute to chronic pulmonary inflammation, which could increase the risk of lung cancer.
"Microplastics are essentially particulate matter air pollution, and we know this type of pollution is harmful," said Tracey J. Woodruff, PhD, MPH, a professor of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive sciences at UCSF.
Woodruff, who directs the Program on Reproductive Health & the Environment (PRHE), is the senior author of the study, published on December 18 in Environmental Science & Technology. Microplastics, defined as particles smaller than 5 millimeters (smaller than a grain of rice), are widespread in the environment. Annually, global plastic production reaches nearly 460 million metric tons, with projections indicating it could reach 1.1 billion by 2050. A significant source of plastic particles in the air comes from driving, as the friction between tires and road surfaces generates plastic fragments.
The paper represents the first systematic review of microplastics using rigorous methods endorsed by the National Academy of Sciences. While most studies reviewed focused on animals, the researchers believe the findings are relevant to humans due to shared exposures.
This study builds upon research the team conducted last year in collaboration with the California State Policy Evidence Consortium (CalSPEC), which includes UC experts and aims to provide evidence to guide policymakers in the California State Legislature.
"We encourage regulatory agencies and policymakers to consider the growing body of evidence linking microplastics to health issues such as colon and lung cancer," said Nicholas Chartres, PhD.